The genitive case occurs in Arabic in two situations. Both of these situations occur very often in the language. First, a noun or adjective following a preposition will always be in the genitive. The only other time the genitive occurs is if a word is the second or later term of an idaafa. (The idaafa is discussed below.)
The genitive case marker is one kasra if a word is definite and two kasras if the word is indefinite. The second kasra is pronounced as a ن, just like the second dhamma in the nominative case.كتابٍ is an example of the indefinite genitive (pronounced “kitaabin”). الكتابِ is an example of the definite genitive (pronounced “alkitaabi”).
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Thank your for helping to understand Arabic. I am confused in one situation and would like to get some help. As per my understanding Harf-e-majroor as a genetive case has a kasra. Then why is there a damma after harf-e-jar in some places. E.g. In Surah Rome, 4th verse (30:4) …min qablo wa mim ba”do. Here I understand “min” is the harf-e-jar and qablo is the majroor. So in genetive case why there is not a kasra (but rather a damma) here on qablo (or ba’do). I am sure I am missing some basics here. Appreciate your help.
Hello!
I just read your comment and your question. It will be my pleasure to answer you.
These names in Quran that have a dhamma at the end *min baado’ and ‘min qablo’ are not nouns to be in genitive case and to have regular kasra. They are adverbs of time. They have their own case.
Thank u …
Well for exam
Plz give more examples
Very good lessons. Thank you.